In the bowl of a stand mixer, add the yeast to the water. Stir to distribute the yeast. Add 1/4 cup of the flour, along with the sugar and salt. Stir again, cover, and let sit for 20 minutes in a warm place.
Boil the potato until it is easily pierced with a fork. Drain, cool, and mash well.
Add the potato and remaining flour to the yeast mixture. With the paddle attachment or dough hook, beat to form a smooth, wet dough. Cover the bowl and let sit until the batter has thickened, about 2 hours.
Meanwhile, make the syrup in a heavy bottomed pot by stirring together the honey, lemon juice, and cinnamon with a splash of water. Boil on low-medium heat until the mixture thickens, about 10 minutes. Set aside.
Heat at least 2 inches of oil in a heavy-bottomed pot until a deep-fat thermometer registers 360F (182C). Drop in heaping teaspoon-size dollops and fry, turning occasionally, until theyu2019re golden and puffed, about 1 minute. Drain on a paper towel and cool slightly.
To serve, place the puffs in a bowl and drizzle with the syrup.